2010 NZSEE
Conference
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2010 NZSEE Conference |
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Contents |
Keynote Address Tribute to Tom Paulay Session 3 Session 4A Session 4B Session 5A Session 5B Session 6 Session 7A Session 7B Session 8A Session 8B Poster Session Post-earthquake Sheltering Needs; How Loss of Structures and Services Affects Decision Making for EvacuationKim Wright and David Johnston Considerable research has been undertaken in New Zealand and overseas on peoples’ decisions to evacuate during hazard events. However, the majority of this research is focussed on events for which warnings are possible. For a major Wellington earthquake event decisions about evacuation will occur after event impact. A household’s decision on whether to evacuate or shelter in place is based on a range of factors, including those directly related to earthquake damage such as structural damage and lifeline utility function, and factors that relate to household or neighbourhood liveability such as access to resources, social networks, mobility or dependency. Because transport out of Wellington is expected to be severely hampered by a major event in the region, many of those that choose or are forced to evacuate their homes will require public shelter within the damaged area. A model framework for calculating evacuation numbers and sheltering requirements is proposed based on a variety of damage and non-damage related factors that contribute to evacuation decision making. Paper P31: [Read] Steps in Earthquake Proofing a Country - A Case Study of MyanmarGregory MacRae and Than Myint In many countries around the world, building and bridge structures with close proximity to known earthquake faults have been constructed with little consideration to the effects of strong ground shaking. This paper discusses some of the infrastructure and systems required in a country to prevent structural collapse, and hence major loss, in a major earthquake. The modus operandi of one group which seeks to reduce earthquake loss in these countries, the World Seismic Safety Initiative, is described. Finally, a case study is carried out on Myanmar where extraordinary strides that have been made toward earthquake risk reduction in a relatively short period of time. Paper P32: [Read] Seismic Response of Two-span Scale Bridge Model due to Non-uniform Ground Excitation and Varying Subsoil ConditionsK. Chan, B. Li, N. Chouw and J.W. Butterworth Structural failure of bridges is a regular occurrence in major earthquakes. Such failure may be attributable to relative movements of adjacent bridge segments exceeding design limits. This is often the consequence of neglecting soil-structure interaction (SSI), assuming uniform ground excitation and disparate bridge properties. Two identical reduced-scale bridge models constructed using Polyvinylchloride (PVC) were tested on two shake tables under a series of spatially varying earthquake ground excitations. To investigate the effect of different fundamental periods on pounding-affected structural response, one of the bridge structures was modified by adding additional mass while the other span was kept unchanged. Paper P33: [Read] The Critical Role of Open Space in Earthquake Recovery: A Case StudyPenny Allan and M. Bryant Recovery planning theory and normative urban design theories have a common interest in providing for the health and safety of urban communities. However the requirements of safe refuge and recovery in times of emergency are sometimes at odds with the needs of liveable cities. The concept of urban resilience provides a way of designing for the adaptability of cities while still accommodating everyday use. The paper overlays theories of urban design, recovery planning and urban resilience, examining their common ground through an analysis of the earthquake event of 1906 in San Francisco, its morphological analysis and first hand reports of its survivors. It proposes that the key to the successful integration of recovery planning and urban design lies in a shift of thinking that sees a city’s open spaces as a ‘second city’: a network of open space designed not only to contribute significantly to the quality everyday urban life, but with the latent capacity to act as essential life support and an agent of recovery in the event of an earthquake. Paper P34: [Read] Keynote Address Tribute to Tom Paulay Session 3 Session 4A Session 4B Session 5A Session 5B Session 6 Session 7A Session 7B Session 8A Session 8B Poster Session |